Puru Dynasties MCQ Questions and Answers

1. Puru, the eponymous ancestor of the Puru dynasty, was the son of which legendary king?
A) Yadu
B) Druhyu
C) Yayati
D) Anu
Answer: C) Yayati

2. In the myth of Yayati, Puru is notable for doing what for his father?
A) Refusing to help
B) Accepting his father’s old age in exchange for youth
C) Leading a rebellion
D) Performing a grand sacrifice
Answer: B) Accepting his father’s old age in exchange for youth

3. Because Puru accepted Yayati’s request, he was rewarded by being given:
A) A priestly office
B) A sacred horse
C) The kingdom and Yayati’s throne
D) A city of gold
Answer: C) The kingdom and Yayati’s throne

4. The descendants of Puru are historically known as the:
A) Yadavas
B) Druhyus
C) Purus
D) Turvasus
Answer: C) Purus

5. The Puru lineage is associated with which broad mytho-historical grouping in ancient Indian tradition?
A) Dravidian houses
B) Indo-Aryan (Vedic) lineages
C) Central Asian hordes
D) Semitic traders
Answer: B) Indo-Aryan (Vedic) lineages

6. Which major ancient Indian epic traces part of its royal genealogy back to the Purus / Kuru line?
A) Ramayana
B) Mahabharata
C) Bhagavata Purana
D) Panchatantra
Answer: B) Mahabharata

7. The Kuru dynasty, central to the Mahabharata, is generally considered to have emerged from which ancestral line?
A) Yadu only
B) Puru (Puru-Kuru connection in tradition)
C) Turvasu only
D) Anu only
Answer: B) Puru (Puru-Kuru connection in tradition)

8. Which Vedic tribe name directly reflects the Puru ancestral group mentioned in early texts?
A) Bharatas
B) Yadus
C) Purus
D) Panchalas
Answer: C) Purus

9. In the Rigveda the Purus are usually described as:
A) Traders of the south
B) A prominent tribal group among early Vedic peoples
C) Builders of cities in the east
D) A priestly order only
Answer: B) A prominent tribal group among early Vedic peoples

10. The Puru tribe is traditionally associated with which general region in ancient geography?
A) Deccan plateau
B) North-west to north-central India (Sapta Sindhu / later Kuru region)
C) Eastern Gangetic plains only
D) Southern peninsular India
Answer: B) North-west to north-central India (Sapta Sindhu / later Kuru region)

11. Which of the following is a central virtue often ascribed to Puru in the Yayati story?
A) Greed
B) Cowardice
C) Filial duty
D) Deceit
Answer: C) Filial duty

12. The Purus were often politically allied or competing with which other early Vedic tribe?
A) Tamils
B) Bharatas / Kurus (overlaps and alliances in tradition)
C) Greeks
D) Persians
Answer: B) Bharatas / Kurus (overlaps and alliances in tradition)

13. Puru’s acceptance of Yayati’s old age is traditionally seen as establishing what for his descendants?
A) A priestly monopoly
B) Loss of status
C) Royal legitimacy and precedence in succession
D) Trade privileges
Answer: C) Royal legitimacy and precedence in succession

14. The Puru clan later gave rise to which central political formation in epic tradition?
A) Magadha Empire
B) Mauryan dynasty
C) Kuru kingdom
D) Chola kingdom
Answer: C) Kuru kingdom

15. The Purus are mentioned in which ancient Vedic text(s)?
A) Only Mahabharata
B) Rigveda and later Vedic and epic literature
C) Only Puranas
D) Only foreign accounts
Answer: B) Rigveda and later Vedic and epic literature

16. In tradition, which descendant of the Purus is considered an important Kuru king?
A) Rama
B) Kuru (ancestor after whom the Kurus are named)
C) Ashoka
D) Chandragupta
Answer: B) Kuru (ancestor after whom the Kurus are named)

17. The Puru political structure in early tradition is best described as:
A) A centralized bureaucratic empire
B) Clan-based monarchy with assemblies (Sabha/Samiti)
C) A merchant republic
D) A theocratic theocracy
Answer: B) Clan-based monarchy with assemblies (Sabha/Samiti)

18. Which institution from Vedic polity would the Purus have used for decision-making?
A) Parliament
B) Sabha and Samiti (assemblies)
C) Roman Senate
D) Shura council
Answer: B) Sabha and Samiti (assemblies)

19. The Puru king who first solidified the dynasty’s right to rule in the Yayati legend was:
A) Yadu
B) Puru
C) Druhyu
D) Anu
Answer: B) Puru

20. The Puru dynasty in epic tradition is often associated with which varna (social class)?
A) Brahmin
B) Vaishya
C) Kshatriya (warrior-rulers)
D) Shudra
Answer: C) Kshatriya (warrior-rulers)

21. The Purus are credited in tradition with establishing influence over which important plain?
A) Deccan Plateau
B) Gangetic and adjoining plains (as Kurus rise)
C) Indus delta only
D) Eastern Ghats
Answer: B) Gangetic and adjoining plains (as Kurus rise)

22. The title often used for kings in the Puru/Kuru lineage in epic texts is:
A) Caliph
B) Raja / Maharaja
C) Pharaoh
D) Emperor (Roman)
Answer: B) Raja / Maharaja

23. Puru’s story (with Yayati) is mainly found in which types of literature?
A) Sangam poetry
B) Puranas and Itihasa (epics)
C) Chinese chronicles
D) Greek biographies
Answer: B) Puranas and Itihasa (epics)

24. The Purus’ rivalries and alliances are a major theme in which Indian epic?
A) Ramayana
B) Mahabharata
C) Bhagavata Purana
D) Harivamsa only
Answer: B) Mahabharata

25. The Purus’ identity in the Rigveda is primarily that of:
A) Urban merchants
B) Pastoral and warrior tribe within Vedic society
C) Fishermen
D) Maritime traders
Answer: B) Pastoral and warrior tribe within Vedic society

26. Which of the following best explains why Puru line gained precedence according to the myth?
A) Military conquest alone
B) Puru’s self-sacrifice for his father
C) Divine prophecy only
D) Wealth accumulation
Answer: B) Puru’s self-sacrifice for his father

27. The Puru dynasty later became synonymous with which political identity in the epic period?
A) Yadava kings
B) Kuru rulers (in later tradition)
C) Mauryan emperors
D) Chola princes
Answer: B) Kuru rulers (in later tradition)

28. The Purus are sometimes mentioned together with which other important Vedic groups?
A) Greeks and Persians
B) Bharatas, Druhyus, and other Janas
C) Chinese dynasties
D) Roman legions
Answer: B) Bharatas, Druhyus, and other Janas

29. In genealogies, Puru’s line is generally portrayed as continuing through:
A) Priestly families only
B) A sequence of warrior kings and princes
C) Merchant lineages
D) Foreign kings
Answer: B) A sequence of warrior kings and princes

30. The Puru lineage’s later prominence in the Mahabharata is primarily because they produced:
A) Great poets
B) The Kuru kings (ancestors of Pandavas and Kauravas)
C) Temple builders
D) Traders to the west
Answer: B) The Kuru kings (ancestors of Pandavas and Kauravas)

31. The Purus as a tribe are mentioned in hymns praising which Vedic deity frequently?
A) Shiva
B) Indra and other Vedic gods
C) Buddha
D) Jesus
Answer: B) Indra and other Vedic gods

32. The Purus’ seat of political power in later epic geography is commonly located around:
A) Kaveri basin
B) Kurukshetra / Hastinapura region
C) Southern tip of India
D) Bengal delta
Answer: B) Kurukshetra / Hastinapura region

33. The Puru clan’s contribution to early polity includes:
A) Urban guild systems only
B) Formation of dynastic kingship and clan politics
C) Maritime codes
D) Agricultural manuals
Answer: B) Formation of dynastic kingship and clan politics

34. Which of the following assemblies would Puru kings likely consult before war?
A) United Nations
B) Sabha and Samiti
C) Roman Senate
D) Tribal market council
Answer: B) Sabha and Samiti

35. Which Puru descendant is traditionally associated with establishing Kuru power?
A) Yadu
B) Kuru (a descendant figure in genealogies)
C) Turvasu
D) Anu
Answer: B) Kuru (a descendant figure in genealogies)

36. The Purus are linked in tradition with the composition of which group of Vedic literature?
A) Puranas only
B) Certain hymns of the Rigveda (mentioning Purus/Janas)
C) Buddhist Sutras only
D) Greek epics
Answer: B) Certain hymns of the Rigveda (mentioning Purus/Janas)

37. The Puru genealogy is significant for historians because it shows:
A) Trade links to Rome
B) How legendary genealogies established royal legitimacy
C) The exact dates of kingship
D) Foreign invasions chronology
Answer: B) How legendary genealogies established royal legitimacy

38. The Purus are sometimes described as part of the Sapta Sindhu region. What does this term mean?
A) Seven palaces
B) The land of seven rivers (north-western riverine region)
C) Seven mountains
D) Seven seas
Answer: B) The land of seven rivers (north-western riverine region)

39. The Puru dynasty’s martial role is best summarized as:
A) Naval commanders
B) Kshatriya warriors and kingly defenders
C) Temple priests
D) Agricultural overseers
Answer: B) Kshatriya warriors and kingly defenders

40. The term “Puru” in early texts most directly indicates:
A) A city name only
B) A tribal/dynastic identity
C) A ritual object
D) A festival
Answer: B) A tribal/dynastic identity

41. Which moral theme is emphasized in the Yayati-Puru story?
A) Wealth above duty
B) Duty to family and filial piety
C) Reckless ambition
D) Isolationism
Answer: B) Duty to family and filial piety

42. The Puru/Kuru royal lines are central to which narrative in the Mahabharata?
A) Rama’s exile
B) The struggle between Pandavas and Kauravas
C) Buddha’s teachings
D) Harivamsa genealogies only
Answer: B) The struggle between Pandavas and Kauravas

43. The Puru lineage’s claim to power was reinforced by:
A) Money only
B) Mythic tales, rituals, and genealogies
C) Roman alliances
D) Chinese endorsements
Answer: B) Mythic tales, rituals, and genealogies

44. Which of the following is NOT a legitimate scholarly use of the Puru genealogies?
A) Studying ideas of kingship
B) Understanding ritual legitimacy
C) Dating historical events precisely to a year
D) Tracing literary traditions
Answer: C) Dating historical events precisely to a year

45. The Purus’ stories are most helpful for understanding:
A) Ancient climate records
B) Political ideology in Vedic and epic India
C) Exact migration routes with maps
D) Foreign trade tariffs
Answer: B) Political ideology in Vedic and epic India

46. The Purus in the Rigvedic context were described as participating in:
A) Ocean voyages
B) Pastoral, sacrificial, and occasional martial activities
C) Urban building projects only
D) Foreign colonization
Answer: B) Pastoral, sacrificial, and occasional martial activities

47. Which of the following descendant groups is most directly linked to the Puru line in epic genealogies?
A) Cholas
B) Kuruvamsa (Kuru clan)
C) Mauryas
D) Guptas
Answer: B) Kuruvamsa (Kuru clan)

48. The Puru dynasty’s significance in later Indian political imagination is largely due to:
A) Economic theories
B) Foundational myths about kingship and legitimacy
C) Technological inventions
D) Maritime dominance
Answer: B) Foundational myths about kingship and legitimacy

49. The Purus would most likely have performed which important royal Vedic ritual?
A) Hajj
B) Ashvamedha (horse sacrifice) in later royal contexts
C) Christian baptism
D) Buddhist ordination
Answer: B) Ashvamedha (horse sacrifice) in later royal contexts

50. Which of these is a safe statement about the historical Purus?
A) They ruled a global empire
B) They were one of several important Vedic tribal polities that tradition traced major dynasties to
C) They built Roman roads
D) They originated in South America
Answer: B) They were one of several important Vedic tribal polities that tradition traced major dynasties to

51. The Purus’ ancestral stories were recorded mainly to:
A) Preserve agricultural techniques
B) Legitimize royal succession and social order
C) Provide weather forecasts
D) Record astronomical data
Answer: B) Legitimize royal succession and social order

52. Which of the following is a common scholarly caution about using Puru genealogies as history?
A) They are written in an unknown script
B) They mix myth and memory; cannot be read as straightforward factual chronology
C) They were written by Greeks
D) They are never copied correctly
Answer: B) They mix myth and memory; cannot be read as straightforward factual chronology

53. The story of Puru exchanging youth with Yayati suggests which cultural value?
A) Individualism above family
B) Collective family duty and sacrifice
C) Rejection of kingship
D) Matriarchal rule
Answer: B) Collective family duty and sacrifice

54. The Puru clan’s interaction with other Janas (tribes) demonstrates:
A) Isolation from other groups
B) Complex alliances, marriages, and rivalries among Vedic polities
C) Complete assimilation into a single tribe only
D) Total conquest of the subcontinent
Answer: B) Complex alliances, marriages, and rivalries among Vedic polities

55. In traditional accounts, the Purus are associated with which of the following political innovations?
A) Coinage systems only
B) Hereditary kingship & royal ritual as statecraft
C) Democratic voting systems
D) Printing press invention
Answer: B) Hereditary kingship & royal ritual as statecraft

56. The Purus’ religious orientation in early sources is best summarized as:
A) Monotheistic Islam
B) Polytheistic Vedic ritualism
C) Buddhist monasticism only
D) Christian theology
Answer: B) Polytheistic Vedic ritualism

57. Which later famous king is traditionally counted in the broader Puru/Kuru genealogical web?
A) Ashoka
B) Dhritarashtra / Pandu (as part of Kuru descent in epic lineage)
C) Samudragupta
D) Harsha
Answer: B) Dhritarashtra / Pandu (as part of Kuru descent in epic lineage)

58. The Puru clan’s military resources in tradition primarily derived from:
A) Large navies
B) Warrior retinues and pastoral wealth (cattle, horses)
C) Industrial factories
D) Mercantile guilds
Answer: B) Warrior retinues and pastoral wealth (cattle, horses)

59. Which ancient assembly would Puru princes use to display their strength and legitimacy?
A) International summit
B) Royal sacrifice / public assembly (yajna, sabha)
C) Market fair only
D) University debate
Answer: B) Royal sacrifice / public assembly (yajna, sabha)

60. The Purus’ cultural role in epic literature often functions to:
A) Explain agricultural practices
B) Demonstrate ideal kingship and moral dilemmas of rulers
C) Provide nautical charts
D) Outline trade deals with Rome
Answer: B) Demonstrate ideal kingship and moral dilemmas of rulers

61. The Puru dynasty’s later reputation in Indian memory mainly rests on:
A) Monetary policy
B) Epic narrative presence and genealogical prestige
C) Scientific treatises
D) Foreign conquests in Europe
Answer: B) Epic narrative presence and genealogical prestige

62. Which of the following is true about the Puru name itself?
A) It is a foreign loanword
B) It denotes a lineage or tribal name in Sanskritic tradition
C) It only refers to a city
D) It is a modern invention
Answer: B) It denotes a lineage or tribal name in Sanskritic tradition

63. The Puru/Kuru rivalry in the epic period illustrates what broader process?
A) Industrialization
B) State formation and consolidation of dynastic power
C) Globalization
D) Agricultural mechanization
Answer: B) State formation and consolidation of dynastic power

64. The Purus, as depicted in texts, would be most likely to sponsor which cultural activity?
A) Printing presses
B) Vedic sacrifices and patronage of bards/poets
C) Ocean trade routes only
D) Buddhist monasteries exclusively
Answer: B) Vedic sacrifices and patronage of bards/poets

65. The historicity of the Puru line is best described as:
A) Completely fictional
B) Partly legendary with probable roots in real tribal leadership
C) Entirely foreign import
D) Precisely documented like modern records
Answer: B) Partly legendary with probable roots in real tribal leadership

66. Which of the following institutions is least likely to be anachronistically attributed to the Purus?
A) Sabha and Samiti
B) Royal sacrifice (Yajna)
C) Modern parliamentary democracy
D) Hereditary kingship
Answer: C) Modern parliamentary democracy

67. The Purus’ dynastic narratives contributed to which later Indian political idea?
A) Separation of powers
B) Divine sanction of kingship
C) Secular republics
D) Corporate governance
Answer: B) Divine sanction of kingship

68. The Puru clan’s mention in the Rigveda helps scholars understand:
A) Exact GPS coordinates of ancient cities
B) Social structure and inter-tribal relations of early Vedic society
C) Medieval trade tariffs
D) Chinese influence in India
Answer: B) Social structure and inter-tribal relations of early Vedic society

69. Which phrase best captures the Puru identity in epic memory?
A) Mercantile innovators
B) Archetypal warrior kings and ancestors of the Kurus
C) Foreign colonizers
D) Urban clerks
Answer: B) Archetypal warrior kings and ancestors of the Kurus

70. In Puru genealogies, mythic deeds often function to:
A) Provide maritime navigation rules
B) Explain legitimacy, ritual priority, and hereditary claims
C) Record intellectual property law
D) List tax codes
Answer: B) Explain legitimacy, ritual priority, and hereditary claims

71. The Puru story is chiefly used in curricula to teach about:
A) Modern economics
B) Early Indian political thought and mythic history
C) Chemistry experiments
D) Computer coding
Answer: B) Early Indian political thought and mythic history

72. Which of the following is a careful scholarly description of Puru material?
A) Detailed Roman-style archives exist
B) Textual traditions combined with archaeological hints; interpretation requires caution
C) Exact battle maps survive
D) DNA evidence ties them to Greeks conclusively
Answer: B) Textual traditions combined with archaeological hints; interpretation requires caution

73. In later royal ideology, the Puru exemplar provided a model for:
A) Merchant guild charters
B) Kingly generosity, sacrifice, and duty
C) Engineering manuals
D) Botanical studies
Answer: B) Kingly generosity, sacrifice, and duty

74. The Purus’ mention across many texts suggests they were:
A) A minor, forgotten clan
B) A prominent and influential lineage in cultural memory
C) Only a literary invention with no influence
D) A geological formation
Answer: B) A prominent and influential lineage in cultural memory

75. The Puru tales in Puranic lists are best used to:
A) Precisely date ancient kings to a year
B) Trace narrative continuity and ideological claims over time
C) Reconstruct exact population numbers
D) Study metallurgical recipes
Answer: B) Trace narrative continuity and ideological claims over time

76. Which of the following best reflects the relationship of Purus to Kurus in tradition?
A) The Kurus are a rival unrelated clan
B) The Kurus descend from or are closely linked to the Puru lineage in genealogies
C) The Kurus defeated and erased the Purus entirely with no overlap
D) The Kurus were merchants and Purus were priests
Answer: B) The Kurus descend from or are closely linked to the Puru lineage in genealogies

77. The Puru lineage’s moral exemplars are mainly invoked in stories to discuss:
A) Market prices
B) Questions of duty, succession, and righteous rule
C) Textile manufacturing
D) Astronomy charts
Answer: B) Questions of duty, succession, and righteous rule

78. Which period is most relevant when studying the Puru/Kuru tradition?
A) Medieval Europe
B) Late Vedic to early epic period (broadly the 2nd millennium–1st millennium BCE in literary chronology)
C) 19th century industrial age
D) Modern digital era
Answer: B) Late Vedic to early epic period (broadly the 2nd millennium–1st millennium BCE in literary chronology)

79. When historians treat Puru genealogies carefully they usually:
A) Accept everything literally
B) Compare texts, material culture, and linguistic evidence with caution
C) Reject them entirely as worthless
D) Use them as economic manuals
Answer: B) Compare texts, material culture, and linguistic evidence with caution

80. The Purus’ mention in royal inscriptions would most likely show:
A) Detailed taxation policies only
B) Genealogical claims to legitimize rulers
C) Exact weather reports
D) Nothing relevant to kingship
Answer: B) Genealogical claims to legitimize rulers

81. In comparative myth, the Puru story is often used to illustrate:
A) A unique Indian phenomenon with no parallels
B) A common Indo-European motif of filial sacrifice and dynastic reward
C) An exclusively Roman myth
D) A Chinese folktale
Answer: B) A common Indo-European motif of filial sacrifice and dynastic reward

82. The Puru name appears in which kind of later literature besides epics?
A) Greek histories only
B) Puranas, genealogical lists, and some ritual texts
C) Chinese poems only
D) Medieval Russian chronicles
Answer: B) Puranas, genealogical lists, and some ritual texts

83. The Puru legends emphasize which interpersonal relationship as formative for dynastic succession?
A) Merchant-customer
B) Father-son (filial relations)
C) Employer-employee
D) Sibling rivalry only
Answer: B) Father-son (filial relations)

84. The Puru tradition’s influence on the Mahabharata means the epic:
A) Is a modern forgery
B) Incorporates ancient tribal memories into a pan-Indian narrative
C) Is a purely foreign text
D) Only records economic data
Answer: B) Incorporates ancient tribal memories into a pan-Indian narrative

85. Which of the following methods helps test claims about the Purus?
A) Astrology
B) Interdisciplinary study (textual, linguistic, archaeological)
C) Guesswork
D) Tarot readings
Answer: B) Interdisciplinary study (textual, linguistic, archaeological)

86. The Puru story helps explain why some later rulers claimed:
A) Merchant status
B) Descent from legendary ancestors for legitimacy
C) Monastic lifestyles only
D) Foreign citizenship
Answer: B) Descent from legendary ancestors for legitimacy

87. Which of the following is a plausible scholarly conclusion about the Purus?
A) They were fully mythical with no social roots
B) They reflect a real tribal grouping later historicized in genealogies
C) They were extraterrestrials
D) They ruled Europe in antiquity
Answer: B) They reflect a real tribal grouping later historicized in genealogies

88. The Puru narrative motif of sacrifice and reward can be compared to:
A) Modern business case studies
B) Other ancient Indo-European heroic narratives
C) Contemporary novels only
D) 20th century political manifestos
Answer: B) Other ancient Indo-European heroic narratives

89. The Purus’ political memory is most visible in:
A) Detailed census records
B) Epic poetry, genealogies, and ritual lore
C) Foreign embassy reports
D) Modern novels only
Answer: B) Epic poetry, genealogies, and ritual lore

90. Which of the following is an appropriate exam question topic about Purus?
A) Exact GDP of Purus in 500 BCE
B) Role of Purus in Vedic and epic political ideas
C) Precise GPS coordinates of Puru palaces
D) Modern political affiliations of Purus descendants
Answer: B) Role of Purus in Vedic and epic political ideas

91. The Purus in the Rigvedic hymns most commonly display which of the following economic bases?
A) Industrial manufacturing
B) Pastoralism and cattle wealth
C) Long-distance maritime trade exclusively
D) Plantation agriculture
Answer: B) Pastoralism and cattle wealth

92. The Puru myth was probably used by later kings to:
A) Avoid paying taxes
B) Demonstrate continuity with respected ancestors
C) Proclaim scientific discoveries
D) Establish trade monopolies abroad
Answer: B) Demonstrate continuity with respected ancestors

93. Which of the following is a responsible way to present Puru material in a competitive exam?
A) Present myths as literal history without nuance
B) State mythic claims and scholarly limits clearly
C) Ignore all textual sources
D) Fabricate archaeological finds
Answer: B) State mythic claims and scholarly limits clearly

94. The Puru name in later regional traditions might be invoked to:
A) Claim technological superiority
B) Assert noble ancestry or dynastic continuity
C) Prove trade connections to Rome
D) Claim modern political office automatically
Answer: B) Assert noble ancestry or dynastic continuity

95. Which best describes the evidence base for reconstructing Puru history?
A) Complete royal archives exist
B) Fragmentary textual traditions supported by archaeology and comparative study
C) A single undisputed inscription details everything
D) Modern newspaper reports provide the source
Answer: B) Fragmentary textual traditions supported by archaeology and comparative study

96. On an exam, a safe assertion about Puru lineage is:
A) They colonized Europe
B) They are an important legendary Vedic lineage later linked to Kurus
C) They invented printing
D) They were an island civilization
Answer: B) They are an important legendary Vedic lineage later linked to Kurus

97. The Puru myth of Yayati and Puru serves pedagogically to teach about:
A) Algebra formulas
B) Ethics, duty, and the foundation of royal legitimacy
C) Shipbuilding techniques
D) Botanical classification
Answer: B) Ethics, duty, and the foundation of royal legitimacy

98. Which of the following is true when comparing Purus to other Janas in the Rigveda?
A) Purus are never mentioned alongside other Janas
B) They are one of several leading Janas referenced repeatedly
C) Purus are a late medieval invention
D) Purus are exclusively a southern people in the texts
Answer: B) They are one of several leading Janas referenced repeatedly

99. The Puru/Kuru genealogies are particularly useful to students because they show:
A) Exact population census numbers
B) How narrative, ritual, and politics interlink in early Indian state formation
C) Detailed maps of trade routes to China
D) Chemical recipes for metallurgy
Answer: B) How narrative, ritual, and politics interlink in early Indian state formation

100. A balanced scholarly conclusion about the Puru dynasties would say:
A) They are irrelevant to Indian history
B) They are a mixture of myth and historical memory that shaped subsequent political traditions
C) They are scientifically proven in all details
D) They were purely fictional entertainment
Answer: B) They are a mixture of myth and historical memory that shaped subsequent political traditions