Larynx in Human Anatomy MCQ Questions and Answers

1. The laryngeal cartilage that forms the complete ring and is the only one to do so is the:
A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Cricoid cartilage
C) Arytenoid cartilage
D) Epiglottis
Answer: B) Cricoid cartilage

2. The vocal ligaments are the thickened free edges of which fold?
A) Vestibular (false vocal) fold
B) Vocal (true vocal) fold
C) Aryepiglottic fold
D) Median glossoepiglottic fold
Answer: B) Vocal (true vocal) fold

3. The only intrinsic laryngeal muscle that abducts the vocal cords is the:
A) Lateral cricoarytenoid
B) Thyroarytenoid
C) Posterior cricoarytenoid
D) Transverse arytenoid
Answer: C) Posterior cricoarytenoid

4. Motor innervation to all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except cricothyroid is supplied by the:
A) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
C) Glossopharyngeal nerve
D) Hypoglossal nerve
Answer: B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

5. The cricothyroid muscle is primarily responsible for:
A) Abducting the vocal cords
B) Shortening the vocal cords
C) Tensing and lengthening the vocal cords (pitch elevation)
D) Adducting the vocal cords
Answer: C) Tensing and lengthening the vocal cords (pitch elevation)

6. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve supplies motor fibers to the:
A) Posterior cricoarytenoid only
B) Lateral cricoarytenoid only
C) Cricothyroid muscle
D) Thyroarytenoid muscle
Answer: C) Cricothyroid muscle

7. The rima glottidis refers to the:
A) False vocal folds only
B) Aperture between the true vocal cords
C) Space between epiglottis and tongue
D) Vestibule of the larynx
Answer: B) Aperture between the true vocal cords

8. Sensation from the mucosa of the larynx above the vocal folds is carried by the:
A) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
B) Glossopharyngeal nerve
C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (branch of vagus)
D) Hypoglossal nerve
Answer: C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (branch of vagus)

9. The posterior attachment of the vocal ligament is to the:
A) Thyroid cartilage lamina
B) Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage
C) Corniculate cartilage
D) Cricoid lamina
Answer: B) Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

10. The laryngeal inlet is bounded posteriorly by the:
A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Epiglottis
C) Vocal folds
D) Cricothyroid membrane
Answer: B) Epiglottis

11. The cartilage which articulates with the cricoid cartilage allowing rotation and gliding for tensioning the vocal cords is the:
A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Corniculate cartilage
C) Arytenoid cartilage (via cricoarytenoid joint)
D) Cuneiform cartilage
Answer: C) Arytenoid cartilage (via cricoarytenoid joint)

12. The vestibular folds (false vocal cords) are important because they:
A) Produce sound during phonation
B) Contain the vocal ligament
C) Help close the larynx during swallowing
D) Are the main site of respiration control
Answer: C) Help close the larynx during swallowing

13. The arterial supply to the upper larynx (above vocal folds) is mainly from the:
A) Inferior thyroid artery
B) Superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid artery)
C) Ascending pharyngeal artery
D) Thyrocervical trunk directly only
Answer: B) Superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid artery)

14. The inferior laryngeal artery is a continuation of the:
A) Superior thyroid artery
B) Inferior thyroid artery
C) Facial artery
D) Lingual artery
Answer: B) Inferior thyroid artery

15. The conus elasticus contributes to the formation of the:
A) Quadrangular membrane
B) Aryepiglottic fold
C) Vocal ligament (lower part of the laryngeal cavity)
D) False vocal fold only
Answer: C) Vocal ligament (lower part of the laryngeal cavity)

16. The piriform recess is a potential site for foreign body lodgment and lies lateral to the:
A) Epiglottis only
B) Laryngeal orifice (laryngeal inlet)
C) Vallecula only
D) True vocal folds
Answer: B) Laryngeal orifice (laryngeal inlet)

17. Vocal cord paralysis with a breathy hoarse voice is most likely due to injury of the:
A) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
B) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
C) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
D) Hypoglossal nerve
Answer: C) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

18. The cartilage attached to the superior tips of the arytenoids are the:
A) Thyroid cartilages
B) Corniculate cartilages
C) Cuneiform cartilages
D) Cricoid cartilages
Answer: B) Corniculate cartilages

19. The quadrangular membrane forms the:
A) Vocal ligament only
B) Vestibular ligament (false vocal cord) superiorly and aryepiglottic fold
C) Cricothyroid membrane
D) Conus elasticus inferiorly
Answer: B) Vestibular ligament (false vocal cord) superiorly and aryepiglottic fold

20. During phonation, pitch is increased chiefly by:
A) Shortening the vocal cords
B) Tensing and lengthening the vocal folds (cricothyroid action)
C) Opening the rima glottidis widely
D) Adduction of vestibular folds
Answer: B) Tensing and lengthening the vocal folds (cricothyroid action)

21. The vestibule of the larynx extends from the:
A) Vocal folds to the trachea
B) Rima glottidis to the subglottis
C) Laryngeal inlet to the vestibular folds
D) Epiglottis to the cricoid cartilage
Answer: C) Laryngeal inlet to the vestibular folds

22. The most reliable landmark for placing a tracheostomy is the:
A) Thyroid cartilage superior border
B) Hyoid bone
C) Cricoid cartilage (lower border of larynx marks level around C6)
D) Vocal folds
Answer: C) Cricoid cartilage (lower border of larynx marks level around C6)

23. The nerve carrying sensory fibers from the laryngeal mucosa below the vocal cords is the:
A) Internal laryngeal nerve
B) Superior laryngeal nerve (external branch)
C) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
D) Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer: C) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

24. The vocalis muscle is a part of which larger muscle?
A) Cricothyroid
B) Posterior cricoarytenoid
C) Thyroarytenoid
D) Lateral cricoarytenoid
Answer: C) Thyroarytenoid

25. The aryepiglottic fold contains the:
A) Vocal ligament only
B) Cuneiform cartilage and corniculate cartilage in its margin
C) Cricoid cartilage
D) Thyroid cartilage lamina
Answer: B) Cuneiform cartilage and corniculate cartilage in its margin

26. The lumen of the larynx below the vocal folds is termed the:
A) Vestibule
B) Supraglottis
C) Subglottis
D) Epiglottic space
Answer: C) Subglottis

27. During a superior laryngeal nerve block for intubation, the clinician aims to block the internal branch of the nerve at the level of the:
A) Cricothyroid membrane
B) Hyoid bone lateral edge
C) Thyrohyoid membrane
D) Between cricoid and thyroid cartilages
Answer: C) Thyrohyoid membrane

28. The cricoarytenoid joint is primarily responsible for:
A) Tensioning of the cricothyroid membrane only
B) Rotation and sliding of arytenoids for abduction/adduction of vocal cords
C) Anchoring the thyroid cartilage to the cricoid
D) Supporting the epiglottis
Answer: B) Rotation and sliding of arytenoids for abduction/adduction of vocal cords

29. The superior laryngeal artery enters the larynx with which nerve?
A) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
B) Hypoglossal nerve
C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
D) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
Answer: C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve

30. The pre-epiglottic space is important clinically because it:
A) Is a major lymphatic drainage route to parotid nodes
B) Can be a route for spread of supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma
C) Is the main airway lumen
D) Contains the vocal folds
Answer: B) Can be a route for spread of supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma

31. The cricoid cartilage is shaped like a:
A) Shield
B) Signet (narrow anterior, broad posterior) ring
C) Leaf
D) Pyramid
Answer: B) Signet (narrow anterior, broad posterior) ring

32. The ligament that connects the inferior border of the thyroid cartilage to the cricoid is the:
A) Thyrohyoid membrane
B) Cricothyroid membrane (conus elasticus region)
C) Hyoepiglottic ligament
D) Vocal ligament
Answer: B) Cricothyroid membrane (conus elasticus region)

33. The action of lateral cricoarytenoid muscles is to:
A) Abduct vocal folds
B) Adduct vocal folds (close the rima glottidis)
C) Tense vocal folds only
D) Elevate the larynx
Answer: B) Adduct vocal folds (close the rima glottidis)

34. The vestibular (false) folds lie:
A) Inferior to the true vocal cords
B) Superior to the true vocal cords
C) At the level of the cricoid cartilage only
D) Within the trachea
Answer: B) Superior to the true vocal cords

35. Injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve causes difficulty in:
A) Inspiration only
B) Producing high-pitched sounds (tensing of vocal cords)
C) Sensation above the cords
D) Swallowing liquids only
Answer: B) Producing high-pitched sounds (tensing of vocal cords)

36. The mucosal depression between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis is called the:
A) Piriform recess
B) Vallecula
C) Rima glottidis
D) Pyriform sinus
Answer: B) Vallecula

37. The recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around which vessel on the left side?
A) Right subclavian artery
B) Arch of aorta (ligamentum arteriosum region)
C) Left common carotid artery
D) Superior thyroid artery
Answer: B) Arch of aorta (ligamentum arteriosum region)

38. The laryngeal ventricle is a space located between:
A) False vocal fold and epiglottis
B) False vocal fold (vestibular) and true vocal fold (vocal)
C) Epiglottis and arytenoid only
D) Cricoid and trachea
Answer: B) False vocal fold (vestibular) and true vocal fold (vocal)

39. The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of the:
A) Hypoglossal nerve
B) Glossopharyngeal nerve
C) Vagus nerve (CN X)
D) Accessory nerve
Answer: C) Vagus nerve (CN X)

40. Which cartilage is elastic and can bend to help close the laryngeal inlet?
A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Cricoid cartilage
C) Arytenoid cartilage
D) Epiglottis (elastic cartilage)
Answer: D) Epiglottis (elastic cartilage)

41. The transverse arytenoid muscle functions to:
A) Abduct the vocal cords
B) Adduct the vocal cords by approximating arytenoid cartilages
C) Tense the vocal cords only
D) Elevate the larynx
Answer: B) Adduct the vocal cords by approximating arytenoid cartilages

42. The nerve most at risk during thyroid surgery causing voice changes is the:
A) Hypoglossal nerve
B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
D) Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer: B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

43. The laryngeal prominence is formed by the:
A) Cricoid cartilage
B) Thyroid cartilage (anterior midline)
C) Arytenoid cartilage
D) Hyoid bone
Answer: B) Thyroid cartilage (anterior midline)

44. In quiet respiration, the rima glottidis is:
A) Fully closed
B) Narrow and slightly open
C) Widely open as in forced inspiration
D) Closed by vestibular folds only
Answer: B) Narrow and slightly open

45. The laryngeal mucosa below the vocal folds is lined by:
A) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory)
B) Simple squamous epithelium
C) Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium
Answer: A) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory)

46. The laryngeal inlet is closed during swallowing primarily by which mechanism?
A) Contraction of posterior cricoarytenoid only
B) Pulling the epiglottis anteriorly by hyoid muscles only
C) Elevation of larynx and backward tilt of epiglottis plus approximation of arytenoids
D) Abduction of vocal cords
Answer: C) Elevation of larynx and backward tilt of epiglottis plus approximation of arytenoids

47. The vocal fold has which of the following layered structure deepest to superficial?
A) Epithelium → lamina propria → vocal ligament → thyroarytenoid muscle
B) Thyroarytenoid muscle → vocal ligament → lamina propria → epithelium
C) Epithelium → vocal ligament → muscle → lamina propria
D) Lamina propria → epithelium → muscle → vocal ligament
Answer: B) Thyroarytenoid muscle → vocal ligament → lamina propria → epithelium

48. The prelaryngeal (Delphian) lymph node lies anterior to:
A) Hyoid bone
B) Thyroid cartilage and is often removed in thyroid cancer surgery
C) Thyroid isthmus
D) Cricoid cartilage
Answer: C) Thyroid isthmus

49. The small cartilages embedded in the aryepiglottic folds are the:
A) Arytenoid cartilages
B) Cuneiform cartilages
C) Corniculate cartilages
D) Thyroid cartilages
Answer: B) Cuneiform cartilages

50. The median cricothyroid ligament is clinically important because it is the site for:
A) Tracheostomy in elective airway management
B) Emergency cricothyrotomy (cricothyroidotomy)
C) Injection of local anesthetic for superior laryngeal block
D) Vocal cord injection site
Answer: B) Emergency cricothyrotomy (cricothyroidotomy)

51. The vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage projects:
A) Laterally only
B) Anteriorly to attach to the vocal ligament
C) Posteriorly to join the corniculate
D) Superiorly into the epiglottis
Answer: B) Anteriorly to attach to the vocal ligament

52. The superior border of the thyroid cartilage has an attachment for which ligament?
A) Cricothyroid ligament
B) Thyrohyoid membrane (attaches thyroid to hyoid bone)
C) Hyoepiglottic ligament
D) Vocal ligament
Answer: B) Thyrohyoid membrane (attaches thyroid to hyoid bone)

53. The aryepiglottic folds run from the lateral margins of the epiglottis to the:
A) Thyroid notch
B) Arytenoid cartilages
C) Cricoid cartilage
D) Hyoid bone
Answer: B) Arytenoid cartilages

54. The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve provides sensory fibers down to the level of the:
A) Trachea only
B) Vocal folds (it supplies mucosa superior to the vocal cords)
C) Subglottis exclusively
D) Piriform fossa only
Answer: B) Vocal folds (it supplies mucosa superior to the vocal cords)

55. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle inserts into the:
A) Thyroid cartilage
B) Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage
C) Vocal process of arytenoid
D) Corniculate cartilage
Answer: B) Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

56. The superior laryngeal nerve divides into internal and external branches at the level of the:
A) Cricoid cartilage
B) Thyrohyoid membrane
C) Hyoid bone
D) Vocal folds
Answer: B) Thyrohyoid membrane

57. The arytenoid cartilages articulate with the cricoid cartilage at which processes?
A) Vocal processes only
B) Cricoarytenoid joints (allow rotation and sliding)
C) Corniculate joints only
D) Thyroid lamina junctions
Answer: B) Cricoarytenoid joints (allow rotation and sliding)

58. The laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple) is more prominent in males because of:
A) Larger cricoid cartilage
B) Greater angle of thyroid cartilage laminae causing projection
C) Enlarged arytenoids
D) Hypertrophy of epiglottis
Answer: B) Greater angle of thyroid cartilage laminae causing projection

59. The most important nerve for cough reflex afferent in the larynx is the:
A) Hypoglossal nerve
B) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
D) Recurrent laryngeal nerve only
Answer: C) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve

60. The subglottic mucosa drains lymph primarily to the:
A) Parotid nodes
B) Pretracheal and paratracheal nodes (and inferior deep cervical nodes)
C) Submandibular nodes
D) Jugulodigastric nodes only
Answer: B) Pretracheal and paratracheal nodes (and inferior deep cervical nodes)

61. The laryngotracheal groove in embryology gives rise to the:
A) Pharynx only
B) Larynx and trachea (ventral outpouching of foregut)
C) Esophagus only
D) Nasal cavity only
Answer: B) Larynx and trachea (ventral outpouching of foregut)

62. The ventricular folds (false cords) contain which ligament?
A) Vocal ligament
B) Vestibular ligament
C) Thyrohyoid ligament
D) Cricothyroid ligament
Answer: B) Vestibular ligament

63. The recurrent laryngeal nerve provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle. True or False?
A) False — cricothyroid is supplied by external branch of superior laryngeal nerve
B) True — recurrent supplies cricothyroid
C) False — cricothyroid has no motor supply
D) True — both recurrent and superior supply cricothyroid
Answer: A) False — cricothyroid is supplied by external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

64. The function of the thyroepiglottic muscle is to:
A) Adduct the vocal cords
B) Widen the laryngeal inlet by depressing the aryepiglottic folds
C) Close the glottis completely
D) Tense the vocal fold
Answer: B) Widen the laryngeal inlet by depressing the aryepiglottic folds

65. The main cartilages forming the framework of the larynx are derived mainly from which pharyngeal arch/arches?
A) First arch only
B) Fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches
C) Second arch only
D) Third arch only
Answer: B) Fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches

66. A unilateral lesion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve typically results in the paralyzed vocal cord assuming a:
A) Fully abducted position causing stridor
B) Paramedian (near midline) position causing hoarseness
C) Fully adducted position causing aphonia only
D) Lateralized position improving voice quality
Answer: B) Paramedian (near midline) position causing hoarseness

67. The action of the thyroarytenoid muscle (including vocalis) is to:
A) Abduct the vocal folds
B) Relax and shorten the vocal folds (fine-tunes pitch and tension)
C) Tense and lengthen the vocal folds only
D) Open the laryngeal inlet
Answer: B) Relax and shorten the vocal folds (fine-tunes pitch and tension)

68. The vallecula is bounded anteriorly by the:
A) Epiglottis only
B) Base of tongue
C) Arytenoid cartilage
D) Thyroid cartilage
Answer: B) Base of tongue

69. The cricothyroid joint allows which movement to alter vocal pitch?
A) Rotation of thyroid cartilage only
B) Tilting of thyroid cartilage anteriorly and posteriorly relative to cricoid
C) Lateral shift of epiglottis
D) Sliding of cricoid under thyroid only
Answer: B) Tilting of thyroid cartilage anteriorly and posteriorly relative to cricoid

70. Which structure forms the posterior boundary of the laryngeal inlet?
A) Vocal folds
B) Aryepiglottic folds and arytenoid region
C) Hyoid bone
D) Vallecula
Answer: B) Aryepiglottic folds and arytenoid region

71. The mucosa of the laryngeal vestibule is supplied by which nerve?
A) Recurrent laryngeal nerve exclusively
B) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (sensory above cords)
C) Hypoglossal nerve
D) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
Answer: B) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (sensory above cords)

72. Which of the following muscles shortens the vocal folds?
A) Cricothyroid
B) Lateral cricoarytenoid
C) Thyroarytenoid (vocalis)
D) Posterior cricoarytenoid
Answer: C) Thyroarytenoid (vocalis)

73. The fibroelastic membrane that forms the lateral walls of the larynx and supports the vestibular folds is the:
A) Conus elasticus
B) Quadrangular membrane
C) Cricothyroid membrane
D) Thyrohyoid membrane
Answer: B) Quadrangular membrane

74. The laryngeal saccule is an outpouching of the:
A) Subglottic space
B) Laryngeal ventricle (between true and false vocal folds)
C) Piriform fossa
D) Vallecula
Answer: B) Laryngeal ventricle (between true and false vocal folds)

75. The inferior border of the larynx in adults is approximately at which vertebral level?
A) C1–C2
B) C6 (cricoid cartilage level)
C) T1–T2
D) C3–C4
Answer: B) C6 (cricoid cartilage level)

76. The sensory supply to the mucosa of the posterior third of the tongue is by:
A) Lingual nerve (V3)
B) Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
C) Vagus nerve (CN X) only
D) Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Answer: B) Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

77. The lateral glossoepiglottic folds help form which region used in intubation?
A) Pyriform sinus
B) Vallecula (space between tongue base and epiglottis)
C) Rima glottidis
D) Vocal process area
Answer: B) Vallecula (space between tongue base and epiglottis)

78. The mucosa covering the vocal folds is lined by:
A) Respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified)
B) Stratified squamous epithelium (to withstand vibration and trauma)
C) Simple columnar epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium
Answer: B) Stratified squamous epithelium (to withstand vibration and trauma)

79. The nerve that provides sensation to the posterior part of the larynx including infraglottic area is the:
A) Internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve
B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve (sensation below vocal folds)
C) Glossopharyngeal nerve only
D) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
Answer: B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve (sensation below vocal folds)

80. The ventricular folds (false cords) contain which muscle layer beneath them?
A) Vocalis muscle
B) Vestibular muscle fibers and glandular tissue
C) Inferior constrictor only
D) Cricothyroid muscle
Answer: B) Vestibular muscle fibers and glandular tissue

81. The laryngeal cartilages that ossify earlier in males than females and contribute to voice change at puberty are the:
A) Arytenoid cartilages
B) Thyroid cartilage
C) Corniculate cartilages
D) Epiglottis
Answer: B) Thyroid cartilage

82. The recurrent laryngeal nerve provides motor innervation to the lateral cricoarytenoid. True or False?
A) True — recurrent laryngeal supplies lateral cricoarytenoid
B) False — external superior laryngeal supplies it
C) False — glossopharyngeal supplies it
D) True only on left side
Answer: A) True — recurrent laryngeal supplies lateral cricoarytenoid

83. The laryngeal inlet opens into the:
A) Esophagus
B) Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)
C) Oropharynx only
D) Nasopharynx
Answer: B) Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)

84. The vocal fold adductors include all EXCEPT:
A) Lateral cricoarytenoid
B) Transverse arytenoid
C) Oblique arytenoid
D) Posterior cricoarytenoid
Answer: D) Posterior cricoarytenoid

85. The thyroid gland lies anterior to which laryngeal structures?
A) Epiglottis only
B) Lower part of the thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage (isthmus overlying 2nd–4th tracheal rings)
C) Vocal folds only
D) Arytenoid cartilages
Answer: B) Lower part of the thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage (isthmus overlying 2nd–4th tracheal rings)

86. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles are supplied by:
A) External branch of superior laryngeal nerve
B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve
C) Hypoglossal nerve
D) Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer: B) Recurrent laryngeal nerve

87. The cricoid cartilage articulates superiorly with the:
A) Thyroid cartilage via the cricothyroid joint
B) Thyroid cartilage via cricothyroid joints (allows tilting)
C) Hyoid bone directly
D) Arytenoid cartilage only
Answer: B) Thyroid cartilage via cricothyroid joints (allows tilting)

88. A lesion of the superior laryngeal nerve internal branch will cause:
A) Loss of motor supply to cricothyroid
B) Loss of sensation above the vocal cords and impaired cough reflex
C) Vocal fold paralysis below the cords
D) Tongue deviation
Answer: B) Loss of sensation above the vocal cords and impaired cough reflex

89. The phonic (phonatory) function of the larynx primarily depends on the:
A) Vestibular folds only
B) True vocal folds (position, tension, and vibration)
C) Epiglottis and vallecula
D) Tracheal rings
Answer: B) True vocal folds (position, tension, and vibration)

90. The mucosa of the larynx above the vestibular folds is continuous with the mucosa of the:
A) Trachea only
B) Oropharynx and nasopharynx via the laryngeal inlet
C) Esophagus only
D) External auditory canal
Answer: B) Oropharynx and nasopharynx via the laryngeal inlet

91. The laryngeal ventricle is bounded superiorly by the:
A) Subglottis
B) False vocal fold (vestibular fold)
C) Vocal fold (true vocal fold)
D) Epiglottis only
Answer: B) False vocal fold (vestibular fold)

92. The most common site of laryngeal carcinoma is the:
A) Subglottic region only
B) Glottic region (vocal cords)
C) Supraglottic region only
D) Epiglottis exclusively
Answer: B) Glottic region (vocal cords)

93. The action of the oblique arytenoid muscles includes:
A) Abduction of vocal cords only
B) Adduction and approximation of arytenoid cartilages (closing intercartilaginous part of glottis)
C) Tensing vocal cords only
D) Flexing the epiglottis forward
Answer: B) Adduction and approximation of arytenoid cartilages (closing intercartilaginous part of glottis)

94. The cartilaginous portion of the larynx that helps close the laryngeal inlet during swallowing are the:
A) Thyroid lamina only
B) Arytenoid cartilages (by moving aryepiglottic folds and adducting vocal cords)
C) Cricoid cartilage only
D) Hyoid bone
Answer: B) Arytenoid cartilages (by moving aryepiglottic folds and adducting vocal cords)

95. The vocal ligament is formed by the thickened upper margin of:
A) Quadrangular membrane
B) Conus elasticus (cricovocal membrane)
C) Thyrohyoid membrane
D) Cricothyroid membrane only
Answer: B) Conus elasticus (cricovocal membrane)

96. The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, when contracting, moves the vocal process:
A) Laterally to open the glottis
B) Medially to close the glottis
C) Posteriorly only
D) Superiorly only
Answer: B) Medially to close the glottis

97. The internal superior laryngeal nerve can be anesthetized by injecting local anesthetic at the:
A) Midline of cricothyroid membrane only
B) Level of the greater cornu of hyoid (piercing of thyrohyoid membrane area)
C) Posterior cricoid lamina
D) Epiglottic vallecula only
Answer: B) Level of the greater cornu of hyoid (piercing of thyrohyoid membrane area)

98. The function of the laryngeal saccule includes:
A) Producing mucous to lubricate the vocal folds
B) Both A and reservoir for laryngeal glands to keep vocal folds moist
C) Sound production only
D) Providing structural support to vocal ligament
Answer: B) Both A and reservoir for laryngeal glands to keep vocal folds moist

99. The vocal process of the arytenoid is best described as:
A) The posterior point of muscle attachment
B) The anterior process that anchors the vocal ligament
C) The superior attachment for corniculate cartilages only
D) Lateral articulation with thyroid cartilage
Answer: B) The anterior process that anchors the vocal ligament

100. The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies sensory fibers to which area?
A) Mucosa above the vocal folds
B) Mucosa below the vocal folds (subglottic region)
C) Epiglottis only
D) Piriform fossa only
Answer: B) Mucosa below the vocal folds (subglottic region)